The presentation describes the main features of the geophysical and volcanological investigations conducted on Etna volcano through the INGV multi-disciplinary monitoring networks. Examples of different eruptive mechanisms of several recent major eruptions will be shown, and also the current explosive activity (2011-2023) is characterized by several episodes of “lava fountain” eruptions. The main results from the high precision ground deformation monitoring networks will be presented. Finally, recent challenges of projects devoted to volcano monitoring by application of new emerging technologies will be also shown.